Hello! I know this is a very old thread, but as long as people keep riding these bikes they are going to keep having these problems.
Also this applies to not only the R6, and R1, but also several other Yamahas of multiple years, as well as some atvs.
Code 19 will show to be a sidestand switch error. Possible, but most likely thats not it.
Basically there are 4 different things that can cause that code.
1. Sidestand switch
(probably not the problem.)
2. ECM faulty.
(almost never the problem)
3. Main wiring harness problem.
(maybe, but unlikely.)
4. Wiring going into the ignition switch.
(Bingo! We have a winner!)
Over time as you ride the bike, corrosion can form on some of the little contacts, or turning the handlebars back and forth you can break one of the little wires on the back of the switch.
You can replace the switch,
(Big costly pain in the ass.)
Or, with handlebar turned all the way left, find the wires coming out of the key switch, carefully cut into the outer covering.
Inside there will be either 2 or 3 larger wires, Red and Orange depending on model, (leave those alone! Lol)
...And two smaller Guage wires, usually blue.
Cut these smaller blue wires loose from the switch, strip about an inch, and twist them together.
Youre fixed! Tape everything up and start the bike!
No, it doesnt need a resistor.
No, it will not run the battery down.
This fix works on several years, and models of Yamahas that have a code 19 error, crank but no start condition.
If its a speed sensor the speedometer will not work, but the bike will still start and run.
Neutral switch shows as a code 42,
if it is bad or disconnected you will have no Neutral indicator, but the bike will still start with the clutch squeezed in.